What is the purpose of each pin in a European style trailer connector?

In a European style trailer connector, also known as a 13-pin trailer connector, each pin serves a specific purpose. Here is a breakdown of the functions of each pin:
Left indicator/turn signal: This pin is used to transmit the signal for the left indicator or turn signal lights on the trailer.
Rear fog light: It connects to the rear fog light on the trailer, which is used in low visibility conditions.
Ground: This pin provides the electrical ground connection between the towing vehicle and the trailer, ensuring proper electrical grounding.
Right indicator/turn signal: Similar to pin 1, this pin carries the signal for the right indicator or turn signal lights on the trailer.
Right tail/stop light: It provides power to the right tail light and brake light on the trailer.
Left tail/stop light: This pin supplies power to the left tail light and brake light on the trailer.
Permanent 12V power supply: This pin is used to provide a constant 12-volt power supply to accessories on the trailer, such as interior lights or refrigerator.
Reverse light: It is connected to the reverse light on the trailer and activates when the towing vehicle is in reverse gear.
12V power supply (ignition controlled): This pin provides a 12-volt power supply that is controlled by the ignition switch of the towing vehicle. It is typically used to power the trailer's charging system and auxiliary equipment.
It's important to note that the pin assignments can vary depending on the trailer manufacturer and the specific wiring standard followed in a particular country.
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